Empty states—screens with no content or data—present crucial opportunities to engage, educate, and guide users. Thoughtful empty state design turns potentially confusing moments into valuable experiences that drive activation.
Key Empty State Categories
- First-use emptiness: Initial experience before content exists
- User-cleared emptiness: Intentionally emptied by user actions
- Error-state emptiness: No results due to system issues
- Search-zero emptiness: No matches for query criteria
- Filtered-out emptiness: No content meeting applied filters
- Loading-state emptiness: Temporary absence during retrieval
- Permissions emptiness: Content exists but isn't accessible
Strategic Empty State Functions
- Education: Explaining the current context and purpose
- Guidance: Providing clear next steps and actions
- Encouragement: Motivating users to create or add content
- Demonstration: Showing examples of potential content
- Personality: Expressing brand voice in unexpected moments
- Progress: Indicating advancement in the user journey
- Conversion: Moving users toward key activation points
Implementation Best Practices
- Contextually relevant messaging and visuals
- Clear call-to-action for appropriate next steps
- Balanced use of humor and personality
- Helpful guidance without overwhelming
- Visual consistency with overall product design
- Consideration of user's journey stage
- Appropriate level of detail for context
Business Impact
Research shows well-designed empty states can increase feature activation by up to 30% and significantly reduce support requests for zero-data situations.
Expert Perspective
As UX designer Luke Wroblewski explains: "Empty states aren't just blank slates or errors—they're opportunities to create something useful, encouraging, and human when people might otherwise feel confused or stuck."